longipalpis and the pathogens that they transmit. PWAZ ( Prevention Workload Analysis ), and WPAP. These newly isolated Wolbachia strains, and the novel mosquito and sand fly cell lines reported here, will add to the resources available for research on host–endosymbiont relationships, as well as on C. The three software applications to be integrated are FATE ( Fuels Assessment and Treatment Evaluation ). In all cases, wPip was more pathogenic for the host cells than wPap. Both Wolbachia strains were infective for a panel of heterologous insect and tick cell lines, including two novel lines generated from the sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis, LLE/LULS45 and LLL/LULS52. papatasi cell line PPL/LULS49, although tetracycline treatment was applied to generate a Wolbachia-free subline. In contrast, wPap was tolerated by the P. pipiens cell lines, CPE/LULS50 and CLP/LULS56, requiring tetracycline treatment to rescue the lines. wpap is a portrait-style illustration of humans dominated by flat areas of the front color (known as rectangular photos), middle and rear to create dimensions, formed from imaginary lines firmly in. Here, we report the isolation of two strains of Wolbachia, wPip and wPap, during cell line generation from their respective hosts, the mosquito Culex pipiens and the sand fly Phlebotomus papatasi. Wolbachia have occasionally been isolated during insect cell line generation. They display a wide range of developmental, metabolic and nutritional interactions with their hosts and may impact the transmission of arboviruses and protozoan parasites. Endosymbiotic intracellular bacteria of the genus Wolbachia are harboured by many species of invertebrates.
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